Home Schooling is a Better Choice

Education is considered as a wealth that other people cannot take away from anyone. It can take an individual to far places, allow him or her to do greater things, and make it possible to have a brighter future. No matter how poor or how difficult it is to send a child to school, every parent would want to give their children a chance to have a quality education. There are some cases when a child has to be home schooled. Home-schooling is the better alternative aside from sending a child to a normal school; and it is not as dangerous as some people think it is.This is why many parents who preferred to home-school their children reacted to a new court ruling that would make them criminals for teaching without credentials. This law was proposed by Justice H. Walter of the Los Angeles’ Second District Court of Appeal. He reasoned out that children aged six to 18 should attend public school unless exempted. Parents who home-school their children reacted because they believe that h ome-schooling is better than sending their children to public or private schools.Moreover, parents believe that they, and not the state, know better what is best for their children, including how they should be educated. In addition, parents reasoned out that since private schools do not necessarily require their teachers to have credentials, why are parents not allowed to teach their children even without a credential? (Yskamp, 2008). Home-schooling is a better option to steer children away from the dangers and the pitfalls associated with public schools (Distantschooling, 2006).Children are not at risk of bullying at school, or of alcohol and drugs or other negative influences. There is also a strengthened bonding between parents and children as they spend more time together, thus further reinforcing the family in the American society (Pride, 2009). Moreover, home-schooling enables parents to meet the unique needs of their children that will otherwise be ignored in classrooms acco mmodating more than 30 kids. There are also parents who reported that home-schooling best fits the learning needs of their children (Yskamp, 2008).

Native Americans in the United States and Pocahontas Life Essay

This book was the bases and the most informative piece I have seen on a review of Pocahontas life in my perspective. Pocahontas life is a difficult piece of history to analysis for the fact that her life is only denoted by other persons of history writings. She has no known piece of writing of her own so all knowledge is personal based of outside parties. This makes it for sometimes difficult to truly believe everything for many of the views were from white men during a time period where they had not seen many females weren’t around. I believe the author thesis of the book for the Pocahontas part was her involvement with the English and her growth throughout her life. The other thesis of the book from the Powhatan side was there involvement with the English as well and there plan to use the culture but at the same time push them away. Within the first five chapter of Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma it gives you a base review of history. This first part of the book it explains the culture of the Powhatan and how they are laid out. At this point in the book within the first chapter we find out that Pocahontas is only 9 years of age and her mother is nowhere to be found, but her father is Powhatan the chief of many native people and villages. It talks about the arrival of English in 1603 and we learn that many ships have come before us truly being to talk about John Smith and Jamestown. It also mention the arrival of Don Luis and the Spanish, but doesn’t get into much detail he just seems to pop up with the first few chapters her and there. We learn that Pocahontas name means â€Å"mischief† or the â€Å"little playful one. † The author tells us that the native were not completely different from the Europeans just simply behind the times. We also learn that within the native culture of the Powhatan that there chiefs do not come from the next up son, but from marriage of the daughters. We also learn that the Europeans felt that the women of the tribes need to be saved due to their work in the fields and other jobs around the village. It speaks of the native’s religion of their belief in spirits within everything. John Smith comes into play in 1606 when the English begin to prepare for the Virginia campaign. What I learn from John Smith was that he was a captain that has been captured a lot and has numerous stories of being saved by women that fall lustful in love with. As kids watching films and stories we are told of Pocahontas is her and John Smith fall in love, but at the time of them meeting Pocahontas would’ve been ten years of age. The plans of the English and John Smith was to: improve native culture, use the land properly, get there before the Spanish, and bring English enlighten, and a place to send the unemployed English. One of the main fears that I read about in the reading was the fear of the English to become like the Indians. The term we learned in class for this is recolonization. After the landing John Smith gets taken by the Powhatan and convince them not to kill him by way of trade. He promises them weapons which out of smarts gives them a cannon which cannot be moved. Both the native and the English realize the need of each. Without one another the English could not survive without food and the natives want weapons or easier put there technology. Over time many English were sent to live with natives to learn their culture and a native would be sent with the English. The most notable was Pocahontas herself was sent with the English to learn their language and lifestyle. The book talks of Pocahontas marriage first to a native warrior, but it fails to mention what happens to him. She later marries John Rolfe an English man who experience much of the reverse colonization. Before her marriage though Pocahontas was kidnapped one of the main characters they looked over her kidnapping was Sir Thomas Dale who was the first Marshall of Virginia. Pocahontas would declare herself a Christian in 1616 and then start her life with John. They would build a log on the land John was granted from the Virginia Company. They would have two children together in their lifetime. Shortly after being settled in there Pocahontas would go to London and experience true English culture. Pocahontas would become very ill around the time the Rolfe family was ready to head back to Virginia. Pocahontas died on March 21, 1617 in the Rolfe inn. What I learned from this book that for someone of her time period and of native culture Pocahontas got to see much more than any Native American of her time period for sure. I learned that much of what we were taught or told of her in are childhood was wrong. I learned that john smith stories could not be trusted. The feeling I receive as well is Pocahontas rejected her culture and tribe, but in return was probably rejected in a way due to her mother situation. Though she might have be royal in a way just from some of the information I read. The book was good though and I enjoyed the insist of Pocahontas life.

Examples Of Format A Resume - 794 Words

1 Format your resume. It is unquestionable that formatting plays a vital role in an effective resume, as the first thing will jump into a possible employer’s sight is how well-organized your resume is. In most cases, your resume will not get a thorough reading at the first time no matter how well written it is. Therefore, it is a good idea to make your resume attractive and readable by formatting. There are some useful tips for you to format your resume. First, keep your resume short and simple. Most people do not need more than two pages unless you have extensive related skills and experience. Second, invite employers’ attention by using wide margins and a logical format. A logical format contributes to the effect of the overall design†¦show more content†¦It not only focuses on what you can do but also provides â€Å"when and where† information; however, it is the most difficult to write and organize. 3 Make your content shine. The description of your education and work experience is the core of your resume, which is also the section that employers will mainly focus on. Hence, making your content interesting and descriptive will enable your resume to stand out from competitors. Here are some ways that can help your resume gets noticed. First, use the active voice and expressive verbs to describe the specific things that you have done. These can highlight your abilities and skills, and spice up your resume to make it stand out. For example, if you were an administrative assistant, you might want to use words such as â€Å"scheduled† and â€Å"coordinated†. You can use them by writing â€Å"Scheduled and coordinated appointments.† Another good way to make your content shine is to put more emphasis on your achievements and accomplishments. By emphasizing the results you have delivered with specific facts and highlighting the ways you have added value in the past, you will be able to demonstrate your competence in solving problems with convincing evidence. The last effective way is to choose descriptive titles for your previous job positions. For instance, instead of saying you were a secretary, say you were an administrative assistant. In addition, think about how well the title can describe the job. For example,Show MoreRelatedExamples Of Format A Resume780 Words   |  4 Pages1 Format your resume. It is vital to make the right first impression to your prospective employers because the first thing that will jump into their sight is how well-organized your resume is. In most cases, your resume will not get a thorough reading at the first time no matter how well written. Therefore, it is a good idea to make your resume attractive and readable by formatting. There are some useful tips for you to format your resume. First, keep your resume short and simple. Most people doRead MoreEssay On Resume And Twitter1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthis res earch contains 1000 resumes. These resumes were downloaded manually from Indeed.com [10]. Most of these resumes did not have a standard format. These were collected randomly and have different job descriptions. Also, most of them were in PDF format, and the others were with DOC or DOCX extensions. This section focuses on implementing the methodology discussed in Section III for data extraction from resume and Twitter, and representing it in a structured format. Python (anaconda 3.6) [11]Read MoreResume Checklist911 Words   |  4 PagesEmployers all over the world are flooded with hundreds of resumes from a pool of talented personnel. In such a circumstances it truly becomes impossible for an employer to scrutinize each and every resume that he or she receives. When it comes to KPO industry it becomes more important from your end to base your CV only on the salable traits of yours that would make you an indispensable candidate for the employer. To get the prospective employer hooked to your CV and to get an initial yes from hisRead MoreAssignment On Writing Job Application Materials940 Words   |  4 Pageswhich involves answering questions about you and your goals for work. Next is to â€Å"learn about the employers,† which requires research on where you would like t o work to prepare for the application/interview process. Following that is to â€Å"prepare a resume and job application [cover] letter† to which you will submit to potential employers, and the final step is to â€Å"prepare a portfolio† (Markel, 2012) if needed and necessary for the position you’re applying for, then one is ready to hit the job marketRead MoreEssay On Resume Formatting705 Words   |  3 PagesCreate the right format for your resume You also need to pay attention to how you format your application. According to a Forbes article, nearly 75% of qualified job applicants are rejected due to things like incorrect resume formatting. So, paying attention to the format actually matters. What kind of formatting is essential for the application and resume to pass through the system? You will often find the answer within the job posting or in the information provided by the online portal or applicationRead MoreResume : A Personal Marketing Tool755 Words   |  4 PagesResumes are a personal marketing tool with the purpose to showcase skills, accomplishments, and, ultimately, land an interview. The resume will highlight the applicant’s values through talents, abilities, and achievements. A remarkable resume alone will not get the dream job, but suitable selections in determining what information is used in a resume can make an applicant far more noticeable to potential employers. There is not one defined way to generate a fabulous cover letter or resume, butRead MoreSentence and Answer Selected Answer Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagesa business or technical format has the intent of achieving a(n) _______________ response. Answer Correct Answer: c. targeted. . Question 9 .2 out of 2 points Correct Your textbook says it might be best to describe the kind of writing it discusses as Answer Correct Answer: d. transactional. . Question 10 .2 out of 2 points Correct When a writer inappropriately uses the technical language of one field in another field it is an example of Answer Correct Answer:Read MoreDo Hr People And Recruiter Actually Care About Descriptive Keywords On A Resume?1359 Words   |  6 PagesQ: Do HR People and recruiter actually care about descriptive keywords on a resume? (Ie. Words like â€Å"managed† or â€Å"assessed† or â€Å"oversaw†) A: They do, but this does not mean that you can overuse them or use them inappropriately. They care about the other things too. These action verbs can do a lot for your resume. Their main purpose is to emphasize and make your statement stronger. If you just write these word down and do not mind the context, they will do nothing. They need to have their place inRead MoreSURVIVING IN TODAY’S JOB MARKET Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pageson the call list. It also prepares you emotionally so you can ask your manager for a list of other businesses who might need your skills and request a letter of recommendation for enclosing with your resume. Meanwhile, remain busy. Immediately begin designing three or four versions of your resume. From these, one can be selected that requires minimum tweaking for custom-fitting to each position you apply. There is a secure comfort in having updated vitas on file, even you never leave yourRead MoreCommon Types of Application Letters1700 Words   |  7 Pagesways, types of application letters are like the types of resumes. The types of application letters can be defined according to amount and kind of information: • Objective letters Ââ€" One type of letter says very little: it identifies the position being sought, indicates an interest in having an interview, and calls attention to the fact that the resume is attached. It also mentions any other special matters that are not included on the resume, such as dates and times when you are available to come

A Folk Group, By Martha C. Sims And Martine Stephens

A folk group, according to Martha C. Sims and Martine Stephens, in Living Folklore: An Introduction to the Study of People and Their Traditions is described as †Families, friends, co-workers and others all are groups based on common interests and experiences† (300). A folk group that everyone is born into is their family. Familial folk groups can share values, beliefs and anecdotes, similar to other folk groups (39). However, unlike other folk groups, one does not choose their family. This leaves some people, like myself, to question their belonging within this folk group. Although I share some beliefs with my family, we disagree on others many others. The many differences between me and my family leads me to feel as if I have one foot in my folk group and another outside. The internal conflict about my sense of belonging has forced me to make decisions that have contributed to the creation of my individual identity. My family consists of myself, my father, my mother and my younger brother. While my mother and brother are rambunctious, my father and I te nd to be more laid back. My dad practices Roman Catholicism, while my mother leads a secular life. While I went to a private, Catholic school my entire life before LSMSA, my brother goes to public school. My father and I are early risers, while my brother and mom like to sleep late. As my family seems to only exist on opposite extremes, there is a lot of middle ground for me to choose where I stand. This choice and myShow MoreRelatedBreaking the Disney Spell2039 Words   |  9 PagesDisney failed to recognize the original creators of the stories that made him so popular: the folk. Historically, fairy tales were told amongst people that historians and folklorists refer to as the folk. That is, the stories were shared orally, in what is commonly referred to as sacred space (Curry). Fairy tales were not intended to be read alone, in silence. Rather, they were created to be shared in a group of people, and, while fairy tales were saturated with meaning, that meaning could vary based

Living the American Dream - 918 Words

The American Dream has long been held with high regard by the people of the United States. The human experience within the American Dream varies, but was founded with the intended goal of the pursuit of happiness; it involves freedom of opportunity to the individual and the availability of upward socioeconomic mobility due to one’s successes. The experience is similar to other individual’s in many ways through these guarantees, because all have protection of their individual rights and protection of their property. The political and economic opinions of John Locke and Adam Smith contributed greatly to the implementation of free markets, and the development of competition in relation to economic success. This Dream is inherently related with a democratic political system and with a free market economy, but also with the religiosity that the Dream was founded within. Judeo-Christian values have been held important by American thinking for just as long as the Dream ha s been recognized. The American Dream, although originated within religious tones, boasts freedom of religion and is one of the rights promised to the individual. This Dream could also be interpreted as promising procedural rights, as its free economy and democratic nature was developed to set certain limits to the government by due process and powers invested in the people. However, it is important to recognize the United States was the first nation to assure the right of education to its people, a knownShow MoreRelatedLiving The American Dream Act863 Words   |  4 Pagespeople today, living the American dream is as simple as waking up. Many young adults do not have to worry about deportation from the only country they have known as home. Nonetheless, 7.6% of the population in North Carolina’s school system is the sons or daughters of illegal immigrants and lack a legal status (Strauss). With the Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act (DREAM Act) many o f those young adults will be able to become American citizens. By passing the DREAM Act, this willRead MoreYou Are Living The American Dream1174 Words   |  5 Pages Imagine you are a nineteen-year-old living in the USA. You are homecoming queen, smart, and rather popular. You have a perfect boyfriend and perfect friends. You have an amazing little brother and parents who strive for your success. Monetarily wise, you have an abundance of wealth: a large house, plenty of food, and a nice car. You are living the American dream. Now imagine that you are again nineteen years old, but living in Uganda. You have little money, few belongings, no peers or mentorsRead MoreLiving The American Dream Through The Ages993 Words   |  4 Pages Living the American Dream through the Ages Life is changing everyday, America’s question today is if the American Dream is attainable or not. The answer to this question is yes, it is attainable. With evolution, the American dream has been modified throughout the years. It is defined as â€Å"the idea that the American way of life offers the possibility of unlimited economic, social, etc success to every individual† (The Chambers Dictionary). Many people called the American Dream, the â€Å"good life†. StartingRead MoreEssay about Living or Dying with the American Dream1274 Words   |  6 Pagesto be successful. We all dream of having a decent job, a house, a car or two, good social connections and the respect of our peers. We dream of opportunity and freedom. In Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, many characters are pursuing their own version of this dream, but they go about it in many different ways. Some see work and perseverance as necessities. Others think personal charm and popularity are esse ntial in obtaining their dreams. We see the American Dream through the eyes of manyRead MoreLiving The American Dream : Do Rewards Override The Costs? Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesLiving the American Dream: Do rewards override the costs? ‘America is the land of immigrants’- this was the first thing I ever heard about the supreme global power of the 21st century, and my definition of the US has been expanding since then- what class of people are considered immigrants, what lives do they live after migrating, what impacts does this process of migration has on their social and family lives? Being an immigrant myself, I had the opportunity to gain many first hand experiences andRead MoreLiving The American Dream : What Do You Think?1889 Words   |  8 PagesWhen you hear about living the American dream, what do you think? Is the American dream the ability to go to school wherever you want and accomplish everything you’ve ever wanted to do with a little hard work and elbow grease? America is moving into a modern technological age, removing jobs from American workers and having a large effect on what American factory work is currently based on. The assembly line is a unique concept that gives each empl oyee a certain category or task that they are requiredRead MoreEassy About The American Dream948 Words   |  4 Pages to speak the certainty about the American dream, and the truth is this: the American dream is not as easy of a feat to accomplish as you think. Ever since July 4th, 1776, America has fought many wars, overcome the great depression, and had conflict within the nation. With all these great dangers the Americans still have no idea of what the dream is or how to achieve it. Americans may think they are living the American dream, but the reality is that the American people will be faced with challengesRead MoreJohn Steinbecks Dream : The American Dream795 Words   |  4 PagesAn American Dream, what is it? Everyone has dreams,to achieve something great; but do you think you could really even go through with it? The book Of Mice and men by John Steinbeck shows how the American Dream is not attainable he shows that even your most precious dreams for your future canâ€⠄¢t be achieved. Throughout the novel Steinbeck does not support the American Dream, as it is shown in a series of events throughout the novel. In the novel it shows that it can’t be achieved in three ways; firstRead MoreActually Dreaming with Wealth, Freedom, and Health1107 Words   |  4 Pagespeople think of the American Dream, typically the first three that come to mind are wealth, living in freedom, and good health. Perhaps youve heard through tradition about these ideals, and through research, these three are the most prevalent parts of what people think of the American Dream. There are other elements that people can think of, of course, but as a general rule of thumb, these are the ones that people default to. Most people have the same basic idea of the American Dream, but most peopleRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Dream has been a part of United States history since the country began. One can presume that t he saying â€Å"all men†¦are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness† from Thomas Jefferson’s â€Å"Declaration of Independence† is the first known American Dream (US 1776). Though this document says â€Å"all men†, this phrase did not include black people or white women. In 1776, it only meant the free, property-owning males

Disturbance Follow Traumatic Brain Injury â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Disturbance Follow Traumatic Brain Injury? Answer: Introducation All mammals including humans require sleep for survival. Sleep facilitates body restoration, innate protection and energy-conservation. There are two main types of sleep and these include the non-rapid eye move sleep and/or the rapid eye movement sleep (BaHammam, 2010). It has been established that non rapid eye movement sleep involves transitional and deeper sleep stages. Research further indicates that sleep involves a number of 90-minute NREM/REM cycles (Weber, 2013). Sufficient amounts of both of these are imperative in bringing about restoration ones mental and/or physical functioning. Alterations in sleep through disturbances during night time interfere with both the quantity and the quality of sleep. It also brings about an individuals impairment during day time. In the ED and ICU setting according to (Waller Jennum, 2013). sleep pattern alterations leads to negative psychology outcomes such as low immunity, poormetabolism, lowered protein catabolism, poor nitrogen balance an d thus longer hospital stays. Deprivation of sleep diminishes the patients quality of life (QOL), including their cognitive abilities (BaHammam, 2010). Alterations in sleeping patterns also bring about an increase in the patients pain intensity, anxiety and even depression. ICU patients and those in the ED usually have a nocturnal sleep that is fragmented, poor efficiency in sleep and sleep latency. There sleep periods are brief, frequently interrupted by arousals, marketing it evenly distributed across both day and night. These arousals usually by noise and strong lighting interfere with the patients sleeping patterns. This discussion will focus on highlighting the main environmental factors within the ED and ICU that a patients sleeping patterns(Waller Jennum, 2013). The discussion will also outline the different roles of nurses in controlling the identified factors in order to minimize this problem. How Environmental Factors in the ED/ICU Contribute To Alterations in Sleep Patterns of Patients Noise Noise is a major environmental factor that contributes to alteration in the sleep patterns of patients under care in the EDs and in the ICU. Noises within these areas are caused by telephone noise of bedside phones, noises caused by intravenous pump alarms, the ventilator alarms and from conversing caretakers contributed to arousal that alters the patients sleep patterns (Bosma Ranieri, 2009). It is listed among environmental hazard universally as it brings about adverse physical, social, psychological, and spiritual ill-health. Noises from the above sources cause arousal among patients in ICU through its indirect activation of their sympathetic nervous system. This arousal results into awakening thus fragmenting their sleep the pattern (Bosma Ranieri, 2009). Louder noises lead to hyper-arousal and this can be very detrimental to patients within these specialized care units especially when they are bound to have longer hospital stays. Apart from the sources of noise mentioned, others include banging noises from windows and doors closing, water sounds and the bubbling of chest-tubes (Weber, 2013). Usually, nurses within the critical care units are never unaware of their conversations and its irritating effect on the part of the patients. Studies indicate that increasing by just a factor of 10 decibels leads to double the loudness of the noise. Recommended noise levels where both rapid and non-rapid eye movement sleep occurs are 35 decibels (Waller Jennum, 2013). Noise within residential areas and hospitals should therefore be maintained at 45 decibels or lesser during the day. At night however, 35 decibels or lesser noise levels should be allowed. It has been established that some ICUs and EDs report noise levels of even beyond 80 decibels. Lights and Color Strong disruptive light is listed among air pollutants as is the case for loud noise. Research indicates that light is a strong environmental synchronizer that usually entrains sleep by promoting a normal sleep and/or wakefulness cycle. The ICU and ED environment with strong lighting normally alter the patients sleeping patterns (Weber, 2013).. As a consequence, their healing process is slowed, pain intensity increases, they get depressed and anxious and even experience fatigue contributing to longer hospital stays. Windowless critical care units bring about impaired cognition while natural lighting promotes the patients mood easing anxiety and depression. The cognitive impairment that results due to windowless care units with bright lights which make the patients unable to figure out those within the room and the procedures being carried out(Waller Jennum, 2013). This brings about anxiety, panic and worry. Bright fluorescent tubes bring about strong and harsh light leading to visua l fatigue which also interrupts sleep. It also leads to repetitive headaches if patients are not shielded from them. Glares from glass, and polished surfaces affect the elderly patients within the ED and ICUs. Where strong lights are left on for long hours in these units some patients get depressed especially where they cannot control them (Rawding, 2016). The resultant headache, depression and anxiety impact on their healing process while at the same time interfering with their spiritual health. Unmuted bright colors in the critical care units and their reflection in bright light also lead to awakening thus altering a patients sleeping patterns. Nurses Roles in the Provision of Holistic Person-Centered Care by Minimizing the Environmental Factors and Putting the Patient in the Possibly Best Condition for Self-Healing Non-pharmacologic Approaches in the Management of Sleep Disturbance There are different categories of non-pharmacologic approaches towards improving patients sleep. These according to include cognitive-behavioral interventions, provision of complementary therapies and further, modification of the environment. Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions The first intervention can thus be cognitive behavioral therapy for a patients insomnia. Nurses should use this approach in treating the patients in the ICU and ED who have for comorbid insomnia and where the patient develops primary chronic insomnia(Waller Jennum, 2013). Specific components of this approach include the provision of behavioral strategies to the patient such as encouraging them to regularly sleep, controlling the stimulus for sleeping, cognitive therapy, provision of sleep hygiene education and further; relaxation each of which can be given as a mono-therapy (Ashworth et al, 2010). In other cases however, multi-component therapy is needed while ensuring that the interventions are appropriate to the social, psychological, emotional and cultural welfare of the patient. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTI) helps in reducing the perpetuating factors which are below a patients insomnia threshold. It also helps in de-conditioning the bodys hyper-arousal respons e which normally leads to fragmented sleep pattern. Cognitive therapy usually decreases the patients dysfunctional beliefs and/or attitudes which prevent the onset of sleep and its maintenance (Ashworth et al, 2010). As a mono-therapy on the other hand, sleep hygiene education to the patient helps in controlling several habits, practices and environmental factors which influence the length and quality of a patients sleep. The specifics in sleep hygiene education should include directions on effective promotion of both onset and/or maintenance of sleep. Sleep hygiene just like CBTI should be tailor-made for each critical care setting. Complementary Therapy Complementary therapies that aim at improving a patients sleep should be used. These include, muscle relaxation, massaging and a healing touch which focus on enhancing positive health outcomes for the patients physical, psychological and spiritual well-being (BaHammam, 2010). Recent studies indicate that complementary therapies including massage, music therapy,relaxationof muscles and therapeutic touch are very beneficial interventions which promote sleep among critically ill patients. The nursing team can also facilitate the provision of early mobility for patients in the ED/ICU in order prevent and/or treat weakness in the muscles (Cheng Yeung, 2012). It can also improve the patients long-term recovery where it is done step-wise, to boost the patients sleep outcomes. Music therapy can also be used in promoting a patients spiritual and/or psychological healing. Music is able to lull patients within critical care units to voluntarily sleep despite of the seething pain they might be having. Music therapy should thus be availed by the nursing team where available, to help in reducing the patients anxiety and depression. This is recommended especially for individuals who have survived acute myocardial infarction; patients who are currently on mechanical ventilators and; those that have undergone cardiac surgery (Weber, 2013). It should also be used as it lowers ones heart rate their blood pressure and even enhances relaxation especially when it is not loud and disturbing or inappropriate. Environmental Modification The main environmental factors that contribute to alterations in a patients sleep patterns as discussed above include noise and excessive lighting. Proper control and management of these factors will extensively help in minimizing sleep interruptions in the ICU/ED setting(Waller Jennum, 2013). In regard to noise, it is apparent that minimizing its effect on the patient promotes quicker healing physically, culturally, socially, psychologically and even spiritually (Busman Ranieri, 2009). To minimize noise, there is need for nurses to provide patients with ear plugs and or earmuffs based on the consent of the patient or family member. It is also important for the interdisciplinary team attending to the patient to ensure that any nursing equipment which generates noise is switched off where it is not in use. In terms of lighting, it is important to provide the patient with natural lighting that is well controlled. The nursing team should facilitate the regulation of both natural and a rtificial lighting in the ED/ICU. The type of lighting tubes and bulbs should be appropriately chosen and maintained to prevent glares and flickering when under use(Waller Jennum, 2013). The recommended maximum maximum light intensity needs to be set at 6.5 foot-candles for continuous lighting in the care unit but 19 foot-candles during short periods at night. Further, there is need for nurses to turn off lights that are not useful to enable the patient sleep. Pharmacological Considerations Pharmacological treatment can be used along with other interventions in promoting sleep among patients in critical care units. Apparently, pharmacological treatment should be tailor-made for every patient and thus cannot be generalized. One of the approaches under this therapy includes the discontinuation of sleep-disrupting medication to allow patients have normal wake/sleep patterns (Weinhouse Watson, 2011). For instance sedatives and/or analgesics should be reduced in dosage in order to promote sleep. This should however be done carefully to avoid cases of withdrawal symptoms like being restless, insomnia and fatigue (Chung Youn, 2016). It is thus important that a systematic sedative taperi taperingng be done to minimize the risk of one developing sleep-linked withdrawal symptoms. Secondly, the patients can be put on medications for treating acute sleep disturbances to only be used for a short time along with continuous reassessment of the patient (Weinhouse Watson, 2011). Admi nistration of these medications needs to be done along with recommended non-pharmacologic interventions. Particularly, Benzodiazepines are used in treating sleep disorders. Even so, they alter these medications alter ones sleep architecture by reducing deeper NREM and/or REM phased of sleep. Since REM sleep relates to respiratory dysfunction, reduction of benzodiazepine-induced REM can be an advantage among some patients (Sterniczuk et al, 2014). Even so, there are several limitations of benzodiazepines and these include dependence risks, among other adverse events like nightmares and restlessness. It is thus apparent that pharmacological approaches are imperative in managing sleep alterations just like the non-pharmacological approaches used. In conclusion therefore, sleep pattern alteration in the ED/ICU are mainly caused by noise and lighting. The discussion above outlines how noise and lighting interrupt sleep patterns leading to delayed healing, longer hospital stay, development of mental and physical complications and poor body immunity. The discussion further focuses on the pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches in minimizing the effect of the environmental factors while promoting sleep among patients in critical care units. The nursing interventions are holistic in nature and can enable the provision of person-centered in the ICU/ED. References Ashworth, P., Davidson, K. and Espie, C. (2010). CognitiveBehavioral Factors Associated With Sleep Quality in Chronic Pain Patients.Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 8(1), pp.28-39. BaHammam, A. (2010). Sleep quality in CCU patients after controlling for environmental factors.Sleep Medicine, 11(8), pp.804-805. Bosma, K. and Ranieri, V. (2009). Filtering out the noise: evaluating the impact of noise and sound reduction strategies on sleep quality for ICU patients.Critical Care, 13(3), p.151. CHENG, K. and YEUNG, R. (2012). Impact of mood disturbance, sleep disturbance, fatigue and pain among patients receiving cancer therapy.European Journal of Cancer Care, 22(1), pp.70-78. Chung, S. and Youn, S. (2016). Optimizing the Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia.Journal of Sleep Medicine, 13(1), pp.1-7. Heussler, H., Chan, P., Price, A., Waters, K., Davey, M. and Hiscock, H. (2013). Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of sleep disturbance in children: An Australian Paediatric Research Network survey.Sleep Medicine, 14(2), pp.189-194. Rawding, R. (2016). Sleep: I Need How Much.HAPS Educator, 20(4), pp.48-53. Rj, I. and R, G. (2016). Role of environmental factors on sleep patterns of different age groups.Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 9(6), p.124. Savard, M., Savard, J., Caplette-Gingras, A. and Ivers, H. (2011). W-D-030 WHAT TYPES OF HOT FLASHES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SLEEP DISTURBANCES IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS?.Sleep Medicine, 12, pp.S102-S103. Sterniczuk, R., Rusak, B. and Rockwood, K. (2014). Sleep disturbance in older ICU patients.Clinical Interventions in Aging, p.969. Waller, L. and Jennum, P. (2013). Age-related changes in sleep pattern and sleep structure and the association to cognitive performance: the metropolit 1953 danish male birth cohort.Sleep Medicine, 14, p.e24. Weber, M. (2013). A Brief and Selective Review of Treatment Approaches for Sleep Disturbance following Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of Sleep Disorders Therapy, 02(02). Weinhouse, G. and Watson, P. (2011). Sedation and Sleep Disturbances in the ICU.Anesthesiology Clinics, 29(4), pp.675-685.

Ukrainian Culture Essays - Ukrainian Studies,

Ukrainian Culture Ukrainian Culture The best way to begin to understand Ukrainian culture is to review early Ukrainian history. This will give us a good step from which to look at traditional Ukrainian culture. Unlike the Russian people, who descended from northern tribes descending from Scandinavia and the far north, Ukrainian history was influenced by southern civilizations such as Scythians and Greeks. Invasions by the Huns and the Khazars between the 3rd and 9th centuries mixed Ukrainian bloodlines with those from all over Asia. During the 10th century, Kievan Rus was established and the golden age of Ukrainian kings was born. During this period, many important events took place, notably; King Volodymyr the Great introduced Christianity to the Ukrainian State. The region fell to the Mongols Golden Horde in the 13th century, and was eventually ruled by Poland and Lithuania. This was known as the Age of the Kozaks, Ukrainian horseman that formed one of the largest armies of the time to fight against the invading armies of more powerful nations. These Kozaks were active in their fight for independence well into the Russian occupation, before eventually coming under the control of Russia in the late 18th century. In 1918, Ukraine declared its independence, only to be reclaimed in 1922 by Communists during the Bolshevik Revolution. Ravaged by war and Nazi occupation during WWII, Ukraine remained under Soviet rule until declaring its freedom in 1991. Ukrainian culture has been defined in many creative styles. Literature is arguably the most prominent expression of Ukrainian culture. Ukrainian literature had been developing since the early 11th century, when people of the early Kievan Rus drafted some of Ukraine's first works in early Church Slavonic, such as the Hypathian Chronicles. The first historical epic of Ukraine, Slovo o polku Ihorevi, was written during this period. The major authors of this period were two monks known as Ilarion of Kiev, Cyril of Turov, and Prince Volodymyr Monomah II. The 16th century brought such innovations as the printing press that allowed the church to spread information during a period of Polish occupation. Works such as Perestoroha and Apocrisis bound together the religious community in these tough times. Ukraine experienced the Baroque period in the 17th and 18th centuries, with the rest of Europe. The best known poet of the 18th century was Hryhory Skovoroda, often referred to as the "Ukrainian Socrates". The Ukrainian dialect was greatly strengthened during, and after, the 18th century when Ukrainian began to overcome Russian as the language of literary choice. The 19th century brought about the Golden Age of Ukrainian literature with authors such as Ivan Kotlyarevski (Eneida), and Hryhory Kvitka Osnovyanenko. The romanticism was centered in Kharkiv during the 1830's producing more ?enjoyable' works that were read by both the affluent and the poor alike. The trio of Shashkevich, Holovatsky, and vahylevich wrote the most notable works. Taras Shevchenko, the greatest recognized poet of Ukrainian history, was the first to write of the Russian oppression of the Ukrainian serfs in poems such as Haidamaky, which eventually became national treasures. Authors such as Marko Vovchok, and Ivan Nechuy-Levitski supported Ukrainian realism. Their works took a more somber role of looking at the aspects of their country around them, from the suffering of the serfdom to the Ukrainian intelligencia. Lesya Ukraina, who worked in prose, best defined Modernism of the 19th and 20th centuries. Authors such as Pavlo Tychyna, Mykhylo Symenko, and Mykola Bazhan produced the greatest works of their time during this period known as the ?realism'. After this period, Ukrainian works became more and more oppressed by Soviet occupation, and would eventually end the trail of great Ukrainian works. Ukrainian art took shape in two very notable forms. In music, the bandura; and in visual arts, the pysanka, or, Ukrainian Easter egg. The bandura is an old instrument from the old days of the kozak armies. Banduristiv, as they were called, would roam from the different villages singing songs about the kozak battles, and sharing the rich history of the country at a time when travel was long and dangerous. The pysanka is a decorated egg that descended from pagan times as an offering of good will and religious gift between family and friends. The pysanky were found to be very superstitious, and played an active role in a persons life, be it as a blessing for good crops, or as an icon of protection over a families home. The pysanky are an art form that is unique to Ukraine because of their heritage, applications, and meanings in Ukrainian life. The most interesting aspect of pysanky is perhaps the method in which